Why is hysterectomy surgery performed?
Hysterectomy is a common surgical procedure that many women undergo to treat various types of diseases specific to the female reproductive system by removing the uterus. Let us examine them further.

Uterine fibroids
Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that form in the uterus. They are the most common reason for hysterectomy.

Fibroids can cause heavy bleeding and pain. Your doctor may initially recommend medications or other minimally invasive procedures such as myomectomy to treat fibroids. A myomectomy removes only the fibroids, leaving the uterus intact.

If other measures fail or the fibroids grow back and cause bothersome symptoms, hysterectomy is the only option available.

cancer
About 10% of hysterectomies that are performed are due to cancer.

In case of cancer:

womb
ovary
cervix
endometrium
You may need a hysterectomy.

Your treatment approach depends on the type of cancer you have, how advanced it is, and your overall health. Other options may include chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Sometimes, if you also have underlying cancer, doctors recommend surgery.

If the BRCA gene test is positive, it is better to have a hysterectomy to reduce the risk of developing cancer in the future. People with this gene are more likely to develop ovarian and breast cancers.

Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a disease in which the tissue that normally lines the uterus grows outside of it. Endometriosis can cause severe pain and irregular periods. It can also lead to infertility and adhesions. Adhesion disappears completely after hysterectomy.

Hormone therapy and medical procedures to remove endometrial tissue are usually tried before hysterectomy surgery.

Adenomyosis
Adenomyosis occurs when the lining of the uterus grows into the muscle of the uterus. This disease leads to severe pain and bleeding by thickening the uterine wall.

This condition often goes away after menopause, but if your symptoms are severe, you may need treatment sooner. Hormonal treatments and pain relievers are usually tried first. If they are not effective, hysterectomy is the best treatment.

Infection
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a type of bacterial infection that can lead to severe pelvic pain.

PID can usually be treated with antibiotics, but if it spreads, it can damage the uterus. If you have severe PID, your doctor may recommend a hysterectomy.

Hyperplasia
Hyperplasia means that the lining of your uterus is too thick. This disease may be caused by having more estrogen than normal. In some cases, hyperplasia can lead to uterine cancer. Hyperplasia can also cause heavy bleeding and irregular periods.

Typically, treatment options include various types of hormone therapy. If your hyperplasia is severe or your doctor suspects it may turn into cancer, he may recommend a hysterectomy.

Hysterectomy symptoms

General abnormal bleeding
If you frequently have heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding, hysterectomy is the best treatment solution for you that the doctor will suggest.

Irregular bleeding can be caused by:

Fibroma
infection
Hormonal changes
cancer
other diseases
This abnormal bleeding can be accompanied by stomach cramps and pain.

Hysterectomy is sometimes the only relief for heavy bleeding. Other treatments such as hormone therapy are usually performed before hysterectomy.

Uterine prolapse
Uterine prolapse happens when your uterus slides down from its natural position and falls into the vagina. This condition is more common in women who have had several vaginal deliveries. It can also occur in obese or menopausal women.

Common symptoms in women with uterine prolapse:

pelvic pressure
Urinary problems
Intestinal problems
In case of these symptoms, the best and first thing you should do is to inform the doctors who specialize in 24-hour reception in the obstetrics and gynecology consultation department. They can be available to help you at any time of the day or night.

Treatment options often depend on the severity of the prolapse. Special exercises and equipment can be used at home. In some cases, doctors can repair weakened pelvic tissues with a minimally invasive surgery.

If these measures do not work or are not good options, a hysterectomy is the only treatment that should be done.

Complications of childbirth
Sometimes a hysterectomy is performed right after a vaginal or cesarean delivery. Some complications of childbirth, such as heavy bleeding, may mean that the doctor has to remove your uterus. This is very rare, but a hysterectomy can be life-saving.

placenta accreta
Placental adhesions occur during pregnancy when the placenta grows too deep in the uterine wall. This condition can be very serious but often causes no symptoms.

In almost all cases, a caesarean section and hysterectomy are performed in tandem to prevent the blood loss that occurs when the placenta separates.